Headache and migraine

Do you often suffer from headaches or headache?

There are over 200 different migraine and headache diagnoses and not everyone knows what causes the headache. It can be difficult to find your way around which forms of treatment are available and the type of headache you have. In Norway, more than 8 out of 10 Norwegians have headaches annually.

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Injection treatment for chronic migraine

How to distinguish migraine & headache

It can be difficult to differentiate between regular headaches and migraines, and you should be examined by a doctor to establish a diagnosis. Migraine is a specific type of headache with distinctive features, while headaches, in general, refer to a broad category of head pain that can have various causes and symptoms depending on the specific type.

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Headaches

Headaches can be painful, and in some cases, they can significantly impact your quality of life. It is especially important to seek medical attention if any headache or head pain recurs over time and affects your daily life. If an existing headache or head pain worsens or changes, you should also consult a doctor.

Tension headaches and muscular headaches are something that bothers many people, so we explain in more detail about these.

Tension Headaches

Tension headaches, often called stress headaches, are the most common type of headache and are characterized by a feeling of tightness or pressure around the head and forehead. The pain is usually mild to moderate in intensity. This type of headache can be episodic or chronic and is often triggered by stress. It is also common for many people to experience migraine attacks in association with tension headaches.

Muscular headaches

Muscular headaches, also known as cervicogenic headaches, are headaches that occur on one side of the head, and the pain originates from bone structures or soft tissues in the neck. Although the cause lies in the neck, patients often experience pain in the head. The headache is specifically localized on one side of the head. This type of headache shares many similarities with migraines, but patients will not respond to migraine medications.

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What is migraine?

Migraine is one of the most common headache types leading to medical visits. However, it is estimated that the majority of people suffering from the condition have not received a formal diagnosis from a doctor. This means that many people are unaware that the headache they experience is, in fact, a migraine, and that effective treatment options are available.

Migraine is a condition that varies in frequency and intensity throughout a person's life, and it can also vary significantly from one person to another. While some individuals may experience migraine attacks several times a month, others may have far fewer attacks occurring more sporadically. The intensity of the pain can also range from mild to severe.

One of the characteristic features of migraines is the presence of several other symptoms in addition to the headache. Some common symptoms include irritability, low mood, fatigue, neck pain, and a feeling of hunger. Many people also experience nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to sound and light during a migraine attack.

The prevalence of migraines increases from puberty to the age of 40. Migraines are more common in women. Approximately 15% of women and 6% of men in Norway have migraines.

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Migraine Attacks

Almost 20% of the population will experience one or more migraine attacks during their lifetime. These attacks can last from a few hours up to 3 days. They are characterized by pulsating head pain, usually located in front, at the forehead/temples, on one side at a time. The attacks are often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound.

10-20 percent of those with migraines experience what is called an aura. The aura occurs before the migraine onset as a warning sign. When a person experiences an aura, they may have visual disturbances, see flashing lights, experience tinnitus, feel numbness in the body, or have difficulties speaking.

A diagnosis of chronic migraine is given when a person has a headache at least 15 days a month for over 3 months, of which at least 8 of these days are migraine days.

Triggers of Migraine

Migraine is a complex disorder believed to result from the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. There is still much that is not fully understood about the underlying causes. Therefore, it is important for people experiencing recurrent or severe headache attacks to seek medical attention for a thorough evaluation and proper diagnosis. Common triggers for migraines are hormonal fluctuations, contraceptive pills and estrogen, certain heart medications, excessive use of painkillers, hunger, lack of sleep, stress or relaxation after stress, strong sensory stimuli, strong odors, and active and passive smoking.

An accurate diagnosis is crucial for developing an effective treatment plan for migraines. There are various approaches to treatment, and the doctor will assess the patient's individual needs and symptoms to determine the most appropriate treatment method.

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Treatment of migraine and headache troubles

The treatment of migraines and headaches may involve a combination of medication and lifestyle changes. Acute attacks can be treated with pain-relieving medications and specialized migraine medications known as triptans. Preventive medications may also be prescribed for individuals with frequent and severe migraine attacks.

In addition to medications, lifestyle changes can help reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. This may include maintaining a regular sleep routine, avoiding triggers such as stress, certain foods, or beverages, and practicing relaxation techniques such as yoga or meditation.

It is essential to raise awareness about migraines and inform those who suffer from the condition that help and treatment are available. By seeking medical assistance and receiving a proper diagnosis, people with migraines or headache troubles can explore different treatment options to better manage the condition and improve their quality of life.

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Headache Diary

To gain better control over your headaches and migraines, we recommend our patients to use a headache diary. A headache diary can help identify triggering causes for your head pain. It helps you keep track of the frequency, intensity, and duration of attacks, as well as medication usage and its effects. You can find various headache diaries available in app versions. By using a headache diary before your medical evaluation, it will be easier to assess your headaches and make a diagnosis.

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If you experience these symptoms, seek urgent help:

  • Worsening of headache or fever
  • Sudden headache with maximum intensity within 5 minutes
  • New-onset neurological symptoms
  • Reduced level of consciousness
  • Headache triggered by coughing or physical exertion
  • Marked change in the type of headache
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Do I have to do any preparations prior to my assessment session?

Before the assessment, you must fill in the self-declaration form (HIT-6), which you will find further up on this page. Bring the completed declaration to your assessment session.

We recommend that you prepare well for the questions that the doctor will ask you, in order to get the most out of the session. You can find an overview of the questions further up the page.

We recommend that our patients keep a headache diary in order to record and map trigger factors, so that the doctor can get as much information as possible about your headache during the examination.

Do you offer pain relief for headaches/migraines?

The headache doctors can recommend pain relief in the form of different types of medication, after an assessment session.

Dr. Dropin Fysikalske also has its own therapists with competence related to pain relief in the form of physical treatment, with a chiropractor or physiotherapist. You can read more and book an appointment here.

I have psychological problems related to my headaches/migraines, can the headache doctor help me with that?

The headache doctor can make a comprehensive assessment of your headache/migraine in an assessment session. If the doctors assessment is that your condition should be followed up by a psychologist, you can be reffered to a psychologist.

If it is your psychological challanges that you mainly want help with, we recommend that you book an appointment directly with one of our psychologists, here.

Do you offer injection treatment for migraines?

Yes we do. Read more about injection treatment for migraines here

How do you know it's a migraine?

Migraines can be diagnosed based on a combination of symptoms, medical history, and sometimes the exclusion of other conditions. Here are some signs that may indicate a migraine:

Intense headache: Migraines usually cause an intense, throbbing or throbbing pain, often on one side of the head.

Duration: Migraine attacks typically last between 4 to 72 hours if left untreated.

Other symptoms: Migraines are often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia).

Aura: Some migraine sufferers experience aura, which are transient sensory, motor or visual disturbances that occur before or during the headache. This may include flashing lights, blind spots or tingling in the hands or face.

Triggers: Many people with migraines have specific triggers that can trigger attacks. Common triggers include certain foods, stress, hormonal changes, light, sounds, and lack of sleep.

Frequency: The frequency of migraine attacks can vary, but they are often recurrent and can occur from a few times a year to several times a month.

Exclusion of other conditions: To diagnose migraine, the doctor will often rule out other possible causes of headache through a thorough medical history, physical examination, and possibly neurological tests or imaging.

If you suspect you have a migraine, you should see a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment. The doctor can also give advice on how best to manage and prevent migraine attacks.

What can trigger migraines?

Migraines can be triggered by certain foods (such as chocolate, cheese, alcohol), caffeine, stress, hormonal changes, lack of sleep, bright lights, loud noises, strong smells, weather changes, and dehydration. Keeping a migraine diary can help identify personal triggers.

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Where does it hurt when you have a migraine?

Migraines can cause intense, throbbing headaches, usually on one side of the head. The pain may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound.

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How do you get rid of migraines?

Migraines can be treated with medications such as pain relievers, triptans, and preventative medications. Lifestyle changes such as avoiding trigger factors, regular sleep, hydration, and stress management can also help reduce migraine attacks. See a doctor for advice and treatment.

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Can you suddenly get a migraine?

Yes, migraines can start suddenly in people who have not had them before, although there may be genetic predispositions or trigger factors that trigger the attacks. See a doctor for advice and treatment if you experience migraine-like symptoms for the first time.

Can migraines come from the neck?

No, migraines are not directly caused by problems in the neck. However, neck tension can contribute to migraine-like headaches and worsen migraine attacks in some people. It is important to get a thorough evaluation from a doctor to identify the causes of the headache and the right treatment.

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What is silent migraine?

Silent migraine, also known as migraine without aura, is a type of migraine that does not include the typical warning symptoms known as aura. Symptoms may include unilateral headache, nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light and sound. See a doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

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Can migraines be cured?

Migraine has no known cure, but it can be treated and controlled with medication, lifestyle changes and preventative measures. It is important to see a doctor for the correct diagnosis and treatment plan.

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How to get rid of migraines?

Migraines can be treated with medications such as pain relievers, triptans and preventative medications. Lifestyle changes such as avoiding trigger factors, regular sleep and hydration can also help reduce migraine attacks. See a doctor for advice and treatment.

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Can stress trigger migraines?

Yes, stress is a common trigger for migraines in many people. Learning stress management techniques and practicing relaxation can help reduce the risk of migraine attacks. See a doctor to develop an effective management strategy.

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What is the difference between a headache and a migraine?

Headache is a symptom that can be caused by many different causes, while migraine is a neurological disease. Migraines are characterized by intense, pulsating headaches often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraine attacks can last from several hours to several days and often affect one side of the head.

What works best for migraines?

Treatment for migraines varies from person to person, but medications such as pain relievers, triptans and preventative medications can help relieve symptoms. Lifestyle changes such as avoiding trigger factors, regular sleep and hydration can also be helpful. See a doctor to develop a treatment plan that is right for you.

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Can you see migraines on MRI?

Migraine is a neurological condition that is usually not diagnosed using MRI scans alone. However, MRI can be useful to rule out other underlying causes of headache and to assess any structural or vascular changes in the brain. The diagnosis of migraine is usually made based on symptoms and clinical assessment, although MRI can be useful in certain cases to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions. See a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and further treatment.

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How does a migraine attack start?

A migraine attack may begin with prodromal symptoms, which are early warning symptoms. These can include fatigue, mood swings, food cravings, stiff neck, and frequent yawning. Some people experience an aura of visual disturbances or tingling before the headache begins. The attack usually develops into an intense, throbbing headache on one side of the head, often accompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light and sound.

Can you have a migraine every day?

Yes, it is possible to have migraine attacks every day. This is called chronic migraine, defined as headaches for at least 15 days per month over three months, of which at least 8 days have migraine symptoms. Chronic migraine often requires specialized treatment. See a doctor for a diagnosis and treatment plan.

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What happens in the body when you have a migraine?

During a migraine attack, several complex processes occur in the body. The blood vessels in the brain can first constrict and then dilate, which can cause pain. The levels of chemicals such as serotonin and CGRP in the brain can also change, contributing to pain and inflammation. Migraines also affect the nervous system and can lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and increased sensitivity to light and sound.