Pollen allergy in Norway

Pollen allergy, also known as hay fever, is a common allergic reaction that affects many Norwegians, especially during the warmer months. This article provides a detailed overview of pollen allergy, from what it is and what symptoms it causes, to the different pollen types and how to manage the discomfort. At Dr. Dropin, we are committed to providing you with the information and help you need to get through the pollen season.

What is pollen allergy?

Pollen allergy occurs when the body's immune system overreacts to pollen, which are the microscopic grains from flowering plants. This overreaction leads to the release of histamine and other substances, which cause the typical allergy symptoms.

Symptoms of pollen allergy

Pollen allergy can cause a range of troublesome symptoms, which can vary in intensity. The most common symptoms include:

• Nasal and eye discomfort:
  • Itchy nose
  • Runny nose (rhinitis)
  • Nasal congestion
  • Frequent sneezing
  • Itchy eyes
  • Red eyes
  • Watery eyes (conjunctivitis)

• Other symptoms:
  • Itchy throat
  • Cough
  • Fatigue
  • Reduced concentration ability
  • Worsening of asthma

It's important to note that pollen allergy occurs seasonally, unlike a common cold, which can occur throughout the year.

How common is pollen allergy?

Pollen allergy is common in Norway, affecting approximately 1 in 5 people. Allergies can develop at any age, but most often occur before the age of 20.

Pollen season in Norway

The pollen season in Norway varies significantly depending on the pollen type and geographical location. Weather also plays a large role, and mild winters can lead to earlier pollen spread. Generally, the pollen season extends from February to August, but some pollen types may occur outside this period.

For updated and detailed information on pollen distribution in your area, we recommend checking the pollen forecast at pollenvarsel.no

Here is a detailed overview of the most common pollen types in Norway:

• Alder (Alnus):
  • Season: Starts early, often in January/February, and lasts until April.
  • Characteristics: Alder is a deciduous tree found mainly in Southern Norway. Pollen is spread from bare twigs before the leaves appear.
  • Notes: Alder is often the first pollen type to appear in spring, and can be an early nuisance for many. Alder pollen can be spread over long distances by wind.

• Hazel (Corylus):
  • Season: Approximately the same time as alder, from February to April.
  • Characteristics: Hazel is a shrub that blooms early. Pollen dispersal is often local.
  • Notes: Hazel and alder often bloom simultaneously, and it can be difficult to distinguish between their pollen. Hazel is found mainly in the lowlands of Southern Norway.

• Willow (Salix):
  • Season: From April to July, with variations between species.
  • Characteristics: Salix is a genus of trees and shrubs found throughout the country. Pollen is spread both by wind and insects.
  • Notes: Salix includes many species, and the flowering time can vary. Willow is perhaps the most well-known species in this genus.

• Birch (Betula):
  • Season: From late April in Southern Norway, and 4-5 weeks later in Northern Norway and in the mountains.
  • Characteristics: Birch is a very common tree in Norway, and produces large amounts of pollen. Pollen is effectively spread by wind.
  • Notes: Birch pollen is one of the main causes of pollen allergy in Norway, and can cause severe symptoms. Birch trees are found throughout much of the country.

• Grass (Poaceae):
  • Season: From June to August, with a peak in July.
  • Characteristics: There are many grass species in Norway, and the flowering time varies. Pollen is spread by wind.
  • Notes: Grass pollen is spread more locally than birch pollen, and avoiding grassy areas can help. Timothy grass is one of the main allergenic grass species.

• Mugwort (Artemisia):
  • Season: From mid-July to late August.
  • Characteristics: Mugwort is a weed found in Southern Norway, but it is spreading northward. Pollen is spread by wind.
  • Notes: Mugwort allergy is a growing problem in Norway. The plant has characteristic feathery leaves.

Disease progression of pollen allergy

Pollen allergy can develop at any age, but often in childhood or adolescence. Symptoms can vary over time, and are often associated with other atopic diseases such as eczema and asthma. It is important to treat pollen allergy effectively to reduce the risk of developing asthma.

Treatment of pollen allergy

Treatment aims to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. It includes:

• Preventive measures:
  • Monitor pollen forecasts (pollenvarsel.no)
  • Reduce pollen exposure (keep windows closed, avoid outdoor activity during periods of high pollen counts)
  • Remove pollen from the body (nasal/eye rinsing, showering)

• Medical treatment:
  • Over-the-counter antihistamines (tablets, nasal spray, eye drops)
  • Prescription medications (if needed)
  • Allergy vaccination (for long-term and severe allergies)

When should you contact a doctor at Dr. Dropin?

• When unsure about the diagnosis
• For severe or prolonged symptoms
• When over-the-counter medications are ineffective
• For breathing difficulties or worsening asthma

At Dr. Dropin, we offer help and treatment for pollen allergy. Our doctors can provide a thorough assessment and recommend the best treatment for you.

Important: This blog post is intended as general information only and should not replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional. If you have any questions or concerns about yout health, you should contact your doctor.